VAT calculator net ↔ gross
Convert any net amount to gross (or the other way round) at all UK VAT rates: 20 %, 5 %, 0 % or not registered.
Pick the applicable rate. If you're below the £90,000 registration threshold, choose 0 %.
Result
- Net (excl. VAT)
- £1,000.00
- VAT amount (20%)
- £200.00
- Gross (incl. VAT)
- £1,200.00
Gross = Net × (1 + rate/100) · Net = Gross / (1 + rate/100)
Frequently asked questions
How do I add VAT to a net amount?
Multiply the net by (1 + rate/100). Example: £1,000 net at 20 % = £1,000 × 1.20 = £1,200 gross, of which £200 is VAT.
How do I extract the net amount from a gross figure?
Divide the gross by (1 + rate/100). Example: £1,200 gross at 20 % = £1,200 / 1.20 = £1,000 net, with £200 of VAT.
Which UK VAT rates apply in 2026?
20 % is the standard rate (most goods and services). 5 % covers domestic energy, mobility aids and children's car seats. 0 % zero-rated supplies include most food, books, children's clothing and exports.
Do I need to charge VAT if I'm under the threshold?
If your taxable turnover is below £90,000 (2026 threshold), VAT registration is voluntary. Pick 0 % and add a clear note on the invoice such as 'Not VAT registered — no VAT charged'.
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